9 2 hydrocarbons

Saturated means the compounds only have single carbon-carbon bonds, with no double bonds.

The general formula of an alkane is CnH2n+2.

False. Alkanes are generally unreactive compounds.

The name and molecular formula of the alkane containing one carbon atom is methane and CH4.

The name and molecular formula of the alkane containing two carbon atom is ethane and C2H6.

The name and molecular formula of the alkane containing three carbon atom is propane and C3H8.

The fourth alkane is butane, with the molecular formula C4H10.

The fifth alkane is pentane, with the molecular formula C5H12.

The alkane that is predominantly present in natural gas is methane.

The name of the following alkane is butane.

The name of the following alkane is ethane.

The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n.

All alkenes contain a double carbon bond, which is shown as two lines between two carbon atoms (C=C).

The double carbon bond (C=C) is the functional group in alkenes.

Alkenes are named using the same system as alkanes, with the suffix "-ene" instead of "-ane".

The name and structure of the first alkene is ethene, CH2=CH2.

An alkene is a hydrocarbon compound containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

A double bond is a covalent bond formed by sharing two pairs of electrons between atoms.

A functional group is the specific group of atoms responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of a compound.

An unsaturated compound contains double or triple bonds, which can undergo addition reactions.

False. Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes due to the presence of the carbon-carbon double bond.

Alkenes undergo addition reactions, where atoms of a simple molecule add across the C=C double bond.

Bromine water is orange. When added to an alkane, it remains orange. When added to an alkene, the bromine atoms add across the C=C bond, causing the solution to lose its colour.

A chemical reaction in which atoms or groups of atoms are added across a multiple bond, such as a carbon-carbon double bond.

False. The bromine water test can only distinguish between alkanes and alkenes due to their different reactivity with bromine, so it can't distinguish between propane and ethanol.

The colour change for the following reaction is orange to colourless.

The name of the compound is propene.

The products of complete combustion are water and carbon dioxide.

The molecular formula of octane is C8H18.

The symbol equation for the complete combustion of butene is: C4​H8 ​+ 6O2​ → 4CO2 ​+ 4H2​O

Complete combustion is the reaction with oxygen forming water and carbon dioxide.

The completed balanced equation for the following reaction is: 2C8H18 + 25O2 → 16CO2 + 18H2O

A major environmental concern related to combustion is global warming due to carbon dioxide emissions.

The steady blue flame produced when the collar is half-closed is used for gentle heating.

The steady blue flame is used for heating solutions in a boiling tube.

The closed collar position is generally not used.

A noisy, roaring blue flame is produced with a fully open collar.