2 2 ions and ionic bonds

An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons.

True. Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

Anions are negative ions.

Anions are formed when atoms gain electrons.

False. Cations are formed by atoms losing electrons.

Metals lose electrons to other atoms.

Non-metals gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

Metals usually form cations / positive ions.

False. To calculate the number of electrons in a 1+ ion, you subtract one from the atomic (proton) number.

Cations are positively charged because:

A sulfur atom gains 2 electrons to become a sulfide ion, S2-.

False. An atom is neutral and has no overall charge.

True. An atom has the same number of protons and neutrons as an ion.

An atom of aluminium loses 3 electrons to become .

The fluoride ion contains:

A Group 1 element loses 1 electron to form a 1+ ion.

A dot and cross diagram shows the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions in an ionic bond.

True. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

In the formation of sodium chloride, the sodium atom loses an electron.

True. In dot and cross diagrams for exam purposes, you only need to show the outer electrons.

When a Group 7 atom reacts with a Group 1 atom, the Group 7 atom: Gains one electron. Becomes negatively charged / becomes a 1- ion.

The ions are then attracted to one another and held together by electrostatic forces

True. Ionic compounds have a giant lattice structure.

Lattices formed by ionic compounds consist of a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions.

False. Ionic compounds have no overall charge.

In the formation of magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium loses two outer electrons.

True. Square brackets and charges should be included for each ion in dot-and-cross diagrams.

The Mg ion should have a 2+ charge outside the square bracket.

Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

True. Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points due to the strong electrostatic forces holding the ions together.

The structure of ionic compounds is called a giant ionic lattice.

Ionic compounds are usually solid at room temperature.

Electrostatic forces are the attractive (or repulsive) forces between charged particles.

Ionic compounds are soluble in water because they are polar.

In an ionic lattice, electrostatic forces act in all directions.

False. Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when molten or aqueous.

In an ionic solution, the movement of ions allows electrical current to flow.

A giant ionic lattice is a series of positively charged and negatively charged ions arranged in an alternating pattern.