8 1 the periodic table and trends

A group is a vertical column on the Periodic Table.

Periods indicate the number of electron shells in an atom.

Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number in periods and groups.

True. Each element has one proton more than the previous one.

A period is a horizontal row on the Periodic Table.

Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number so that they end up in columns with similar properties.

Groups indicate the number of outer electrons in an atom.

True. Magnesium is in Group 2 of the Periodic Table.

False. Chlorine is in Period 3 of the Periodic Table.

False. Elements in Group 1 lose electrons to form ions with a 1+ charge.

The charge of the ions formed by Group 7 elements is 1-.

The charge of an ion tells us the number of electrons an atom has lost or gained.

True. Calcium atoms form ions with a 2+ charge.

True. Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

True. Most elements are metals.

In terms of their physical state at room temperature, metals are typically solid and non-metals can be gases or solids. Mercury and bromine are exceptions as they are liquid at room temperature.

Properties that are used to classify elements as metals or non-metals include:

False. Non-metals are typically brittle, while metals are typically malleable and ductile.

Non-metals are generally located on the right-hand side of the Periodic Table.

Metals normally form basic oxides.

Non-metals generally have low melting and boiling points.

False. Non-metals do not generally react with acids.

Metals typically have high electrical conductivity, are malleable / ductile, react with acids and form basic oxides. Non-metals typically have lower electrical conductivity, are brittle, do not react with acids and form acidic oxides.

False. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of outer electrons.

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of outer electrons.