1 3 ionic bonding

An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons.

True. Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

Anions are negative ions.

Anions are formed when atoms gain electrons.

False. Cations are formed by atoms losing electrons.

Metals lose electrons to other atoms.

Non-metals gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

Metals usually form cations / positive ions.

False. To calculate the number of electrons in a 1+ ion, you subtract one from the atomic (proton) number.

Cations are positively charged because:

A sulfur atom gains 2 electrons to become a sulfide ion, S2-.

False. An atom is neutral and has no overall charge.

The 2+ ion of magnesium contains:

True. An atom has the same number of protons and neutrons as an ion.

An atom of aluminium loses 3 electrons to become .

The fluoride ion contains:

A Group 1 element loses 1 electron to form a 1+ ion.

False. Group 6 elements gain 2 electrons to become 2- ions.

The elements form ions by:

A dot and cross diagram shows the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions in an ionic bond.

True. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

In the formation of sodium chloride, the sodium atom loses an electron.

In the formation of magnesium oxide, the magnesium atom loses two electrons.

True. In dot and cross diagrams for exam purposes, you only need to show the outer electrons.

In the formation of an ionic compound, non-metal atoms gain electrons.

When an atom loses electrons, it formed a positively charged ion / cation.

False. When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged anion.

When a Group 7 atom reacts with a Group 1 atom, the Group 7 atom: Gains one electron. Becomes negatively charged / becomes a 1- ion.

Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

The structure of an ionic compound is a giant ionic lattice.

Electrostatic forces are the attractive (or repulsive) forces between charged particles.

In an ionic lattice, electrostatic forces act in all directions.

A giant ionic lattice is a series of positively charged and negatively charged ions arranged in an alternating pattern.

False. The formula for aluminum sulfate is Al2(SO4)3.

The ions in calcium chloride are Ca2+ and Cl-.

The formula for the compound formed from Fe3+ and O2- is Fe2O3.

The ATE ending tells you that the ionic compound contains at least 3 elements and one of those must be oxygen.

True. The formula for calcium carbonate is CaCO3.

To balance charges for ionic compounds, multiply the ions by numbers such that the sum of charges cancel out to form an overall charge of 0.

The name of Na2CO3 is sodium carbonate.

The elements in copper sulfate are:

True. Ionic compound formulae are calculated by balancing the charges of the ions.

The formulas of the compounds formed from the following pairs of ions are:

The formula of an ionic compound shows the ratio of the ions present in the compound, balanced by their charges.

The formula of the sulfate ion is SO42-.

The charge of the oxide ion is 2-.

The formula of the carbonate ion is CO32-.

The formulas of the hydrogen and nitrate ions are:

False. The formula of the hydroxide ions is OH-.

The ionic compound formed by magnesium and nitrogen is magnesium nitride.

False. When the name of an ionic compound ends in ATE, it contains oxygen as one of its 3 elements.

The ions present in magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2 are:

False. The formula KClO₃ represents potassium chlorate.