首页闪卡复习 A-LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY5 approaches in psychology

5 2 the cognitive approach

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5 approaches in psychology

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问题

The cognitive approach involves the study of: a) the brain b) internal mental processes c) unconscious drives

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闪卡 1

问题

The cognitive approach involves the study of: a) the brain b) internal mental processes c) unconscious drives

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答案

b. The cognitive approach involves the study of internal mental processes.

闪卡 2

问题

Cognitive approach researchers make ‎_ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ _ from their findings.

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答案

Cognitive approach researchers make inferences from their findings.

闪卡 3

问题

Theoretical models are diagrammatic representations of internal mental processes; they work in a similar way to: a) flow charts used in computer programming b) a map c) instructions in a recipe

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答案

a. Theoretical models are diagrammatic representations of internal mental processes; they work in a similar way to flow charts used in computer programming.

闪卡 4

问题

Which one of the following is not relevant to the use of theoretical and computer models in the cognitive approach? a) Output b) Localisation c) Storage d) Encoding

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答案

b. Localisation is not relevant to the use of theoretical and computer models in the cognitive approach.

闪卡 5

问题

True or False? A strength of the cognitive approach is its application to wider settings.

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答案

True. A strength of the cognitive approach is its application to wider settings. It has contributed significantly to the development of AI due to its use of theoretical and computer models.

闪卡 6

问题

A limitation of the cognitive approach is machine reductionism. What is meant by machine reductionism?

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答案

Machine reductionism means to reduce complex thought processes down to simple mechanical functions.

闪卡 7

问题

A strength of the cognitive approach is that it is an example of: a) holism b) psychic determinism c) soft determinism

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答案

c. A strength of the cognitive approach is that it is an example of soft determinism. This means that it has a degree of flexibility compared to the hard determinism of behaviourism.

闪卡 8

问题

What is a schema?

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答案

Schemas are mental shortcuts which facilitate the speedy processing of information and stop the mind from becoming overwhelmed by environmental stimulation.

闪卡 9

问题

Schemas act as a mental framework for the ‎_ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ _ of incoming information.

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答案

Schemas act as a mental framework for the interpretation of incoming information.

闪卡 10

问题

True or False? Culture has no effect on the development of schemas.

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答案

False. Culture affects schemas as it shapes experience and helps us to make predictions as to what a specific experience will involve.

闪卡 11

问题

Bartlett (1932) established the validity of schemas in his study of cultural schematic interference on memory known as: a) the War of the Ghosts b) the Bobo doll study c) the Stanford Prison experiment

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答案

a. Bartlett (1932) established the validity of schemas with his study of cultural schematic interference on memory known as The War of the Ghosts.

闪卡 12

问题

One limitation with schema theory is the difficulty in defining exactly what a schema is, which reduces the theory's: a) validity b) individual differences c) accuracy

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答案

a. One limitation with schema theory is the difficulty in defining exactly what a schema is, which reduces the theory's validity. A schema is an example of a mental framework that has no clear parameters and will differ from person to person.

闪卡 13

问题

What is cognitive neuroscience?

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答案

Cognitive neuroscience investigates the relationship/interaction between cognition and neural mechanisms, brain chemistry and brain structure.

闪卡 14

问题

Which one of the following is not a technique used in cognitive neuroscience? a) fMRI b) PET c) Post-mortem examination

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答案

c. Post-mortem examination is not a technique used in cognitive neuroscience.

闪卡 15

问题

Cognitive neuroscience is scientific as it is suitable for ‎_ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ _ testing plus it uses ‎_ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ _ methods.

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答案

Cognitive neuroscience is scientific as it is suitable for hypothesis testing plus it uses objective methods.

闪卡 16

问题

The scientific nature of the methods used in cognitive neuroscience reduces its: a) reliablity b) ecological validity c) temporal validity d) objectivity

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答案

b. The scientific nature of the methods used in cognitive neuroscience reduces its ecological validity.